He became the Lord Protector during Johns long absences in France. Johns died at Rouen in 1435 during negations with the Burgundians who were breaking their alliance with the English to make a separate peace with the French. He was a grandson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, a son of King Edward III. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the arms of the kingdom, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France.[4]. File:Arms of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford.svg. He dies while sitting in a chair at Rouen, just after he hears the patriotic screams of his fellow countrymen. In addition, out of wedlock he had a daughter named Mary, who married Pierre de Montferrand (d. 1454), son of the lord of Langoiran, Soudan de la Trau, and had issue; and a son, Richard. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1 and Henry IV, Part 2 as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1 as Duke of Bedford. The French felt there was a world of difference between a mature victorious king and a baby boy they perhaps had a point given the chaos that often resulted in England when a child was on the throne. While he was in France his duties in . That year Bolingbroke, with help from the nobility, was able to gather supporters and deposed Richard II, who later died of starvation either by his own will or by force. 11 T 26. [S712] #1039 Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families: with Their Collateral Branches in Denbighshire, Merionethshire (1914), Griffith, John Edwards, (Horncastle, England: W.K. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, was the mother of Elizabeth Woodville, who may be this queen. [2] He was created Earl of Kendal, Earl of Richmond and Duke of Bedford in 1414 by his brother, King Henry V.[3][4]. In 1416, Henry placed John in command of a fleet taking supplies to Harfleur, which overcame a fleet of the Franco-Genoese navy. He founded the University of Caen and had a collection of important religious manuscripts, many of which survive today including The Bedford Hours which is held by the British Library. All are lavishly decorated and famous examples of the style of the period. Prince John first appears in 1 Henry IV where he fights for his father at the Battle of Shrewsbury. He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. Commons is a freely licensed media file repository. Her eldest child, Elizabeth Woodville, became Queen consort of England as the spouse of Edward IV in 1464. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. The shield is surrounded by a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). 1 pt. Brenda Honeyman's novel Brother Bedford covers his life from Henry V's death to his own. Bedford then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI in Paris. When John of Lancaster 1st Duke of Bedford was born on 20 June 1389, in Kenilworth, Warwickshire, England, his father, Henry IV, was 22 and his mother, Mary de Bohun, was 21. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. John died in 1435 during the Congress of Arras at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and was buried at Rouen Cathedral, near Henry the Young King. "The Tomb of Anne of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford, in the Muse du Louvre". He was buried at Rouen Cathedral, Rouen, Caux, France.[3]. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. In 1431, Bedford had Joan tried and executed at Rouen, then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI at Paris. Throughout his life he identified himself with his brother's policies, especially in pursuing English claims to the French throne. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the arms of the kingdom, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France.[6]. . John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Bedford was a capable administrator and soldier, and his effective management of the war brought the English to the height of their power in France. Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belonged to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, was the mother of Elizabeth Woodville, who may be this queen. 3 p. 173, vol. Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 24. Since the conditions of the Treaty of Troyes in 1420 had specified that Henry V would become King of France following the death of the French King Charles VI, it became clear that an infant would now be king of two kingdoms very soon. Yolande retired to Saumur in Anjou, the site of a famous shrine to the Breton saint Aubin. This left Humphrey at home. And he is famous, or perhaps infamous, for having Joan of Arc burnt at the stake for witchcraft. London: Scott, Clevelands, Walthamstow, 1876), FHL book Q 929.242 Sco84sk., p. 170. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War.Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. In 1988, Breton nationalists erected a statue in his honour on the site. It is unlikely anyone else put in his station could have done any better. It was not until 1422, upon the premature death of the king, that Bedford became a true political colossus within both England and France. Henry V had relied upon John when he was away fighting to rule in his absence. Her name was Joan of Arc. . When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. Johns eldest brother was Henry of Monmouth who went on to become King Henry V after a dissolute youth causing his father Henry IV despair (refer to Shakespeare Henry IV Part One and Part Two for a full litany of drinking, gambling and womanising along with princely reformation). [S347] Plantagenet Ancestry of Seventeenth-century Colonists: the Descent from the Later Plantagenet Kings of England, Henry III, Edward I, Edward II, and Edward III, of Emigrants from England and Wales to the North American Colonies Before 1701 (2nd ed., 1999), Faris, David, (2nd edition. John of Lancaster was born in Rouen, Normandy on 20 June 1389, the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England and Mary de Bohun. Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere, 14. Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]), William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, http://www.hostkingdom.net/Languedoil.html#Normandy, http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20(1%BA%20D.%20Bedford), Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (left). Her eldest child, Elizabeth Woodville, became Queen consort of England as the spouse of Edward IV in 1464. In the 2011 Philippa Gregory novel, The Lady of the Rivers, John features in a minor role as the first husband of its main character Jacquetta of Luxembourg. Between 1403 and 1405, grants of the forfeited lands from the House of Percy and of the alien priory of Ogbourne, Wiltshire, considerably increased his income. 29 p. 427-435. There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham [6] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV in 1399, John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. John, Duke of Lancaster led English armies against the Kingdom of Scotland while his brother fought the French in mainland Europe. [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. Although Bedford was able to maintain his brother's achievements in France for several years after his death, the situation was becoming impossible to maintain. 1885-1900. Anne died of the plague in Paris in 1432.[7]. pp. Advertizing Wikipedia 17294), both made in Paris, and the Bedford Psalter and Hours of about 142023, which is English (British Library Add MS 42131). He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1, and Henry IV, Part 2, as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1, as the Duke of Bedford. Stargardt, 1953-1978), FHL book 940 D5f; FHL microfilms 251,160 items 1-3., vol. [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. [S25] #798 The Wallop Family and Their Ancestry, Watney, Vernon James, (4 volumes. Unfortunately, John of Lancaster had moved her to Rouen where he executed her. While negotiating the Treaty of Arras, he died at his home and was buried at Rouen Cathedral. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of BedfordKG(20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. (Henry IVs parents were John of Gaunt and Blanche of Lancaster while Henry Beauforts parents were John of Gaunt and Katherine Swynford). edit descriptions of this character John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford's photo gallery The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his first wife Anne. Medieval Family History Unit, (Manuscript. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. 1389-1435. John's first marriage was to Anne of Burgundy (d. 1432), daughter of John the Fearless, on 13 May 1423 in Troyes. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. 9 volumes. John's eldest sibling was Henry of Monmouth, later King of England as Henry V. John's other siblings were Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence; Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester; Philippa; and Blanche. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. Appears in: Henry IV, Part 1; Henry IV, Part 2; Henry V; Henry VI, Part 1. [S14] #236 Encyclopdie gnalogique des maisons souveraines du monde (1959-1966), Sirjean, Gaston, (Paris: Gaston Sirjean, 1959-1966), FHL book 944 D5se., vol. 2 p. 83, vol. Jean de Brosse, Marshal of France, deserves honourable mention in any accounts of Joan of Arc and the Hundred Years War. After he secured a peace treaty, the port city of Berwick remained in English hands and likewise many other towns and cities such as Roxburgh. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. In June 1433, Jean died penniless and in debt. Mowbray was created earl of Nottingham on succeeding to his elder brother's lands in 1383, and receiv, John of Lignres, or Johannes de Lineriis, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke. The shield is surrounded by a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg, on 22 April 1433 at Throuanne in northern France. Duke of Bedford (named after Bedford, England) is a title that has been created six times (for five distinct people) in the Peerage of England. Other resolutions: 206 240 pixels | 412 480 pixels | 659 768 pixels | 878 1,024 pixels | 1,757 2,048 pixels. Yolande taught Margaret etiquette, literature and accounting: had she married a sane king, Margaret would have been a great asset to England. Posted on September 14, 2014 by JuliaH. 2 p. 548. Marburg: J.A. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his wife, Anne, daughter of John the Fearless of Burgundy. His wife died that year and, although he remarried the following year, he was clearly losing control of the situation in France. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Error rating book. This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful king but for the baby Henry VI. 1 p. 244 table 2 pt. Reprint, Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1993), FHL book 920.042 D561n., vol. ." This last is signed in two places by Herman Scheere. definition - John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford. So when the Yorkists looked down their nose at Elizabeth Woodville, Jacquettas daughter and King Edward IVs wife, they were forgetting that she was the grand-daughter of a Count and that her mother had once been at the heart of the royal court albeit a Lancastrian one. He was an extremely important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the Bedford Master and his workshop) and England. The last impression one is given of Bedford by Shakespeare is a fairly positive one: he is a loyal servant of the crown who gave his life for his king, cause and country. [S37] #93 [Book version] The Dictionary of National Biography: from the Earliest Times to 1900 (1885-1900, reprint 1993), Stephen, Leslie, (22 volumes. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel, 30. Joans army took the Loire Valley and defeated the English after which she had King Charles VII of France crowned at Rheims which was against the treaty that the French had agreed to after Agincourt which saw King Henry V marry Katherine of Valois. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation, and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. The shield is surrounded with a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). 1435 . Learn how your comment data is processed. 3950. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. 16567. Medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. He was able to defend himself successfully, but, by 1432, he was in decline. He was born in 1389. Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of, 1389-1435, English nobleman; third son of Henry IV of England and brother of Henry V. At the death (1422) of his brother and succession of his 9-month-old nephew, Henry VI, Bedford was designated as regent of France and protector of England. In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. Contents 1 Life account 2 Family 3 Succession 4 In literature 5 Titles, styles, honours and arms 5.1 Arms 6 Ancestry 7 References Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1999), FHL book 973 D2fp., p. 205 LANCASTER:10.iv. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. preface lxiv. This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons. Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford, 12. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. The first and second creations came in 1414 and 1433 respectively, in favour of Henry IV's third son, John, [clarification needed] who later served as regent of France. The country was uniting behind their king and English allies in France were gradually deserting the English cause. The Plantagenet family were moving ever closer to implosion. Oxford: John Johnson, 1928), FHL book Q 929.242 W159w; FHL microfilm 1696491 it., vol. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Arms of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford.svg, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Sodacan, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported, Jan van Lancaster, 1ste Hertog van Bedford, Obansk vlka mezi Armagnaky a Burgunany, , Liste des hritiers du trne d'Angleterre, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arms_of_John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford.svg. This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. He was created Earl of Kendal, Earl of Richmond and Duke of Bedford in 1414 by his brother, King Henry V. On 14 June 1423, at Troyes, he married Anne, daughter of John the Fearless. : Scott, Clevelands, Walthamstow, 1876 ), FHL book Q 929.242 Sco84sk. p.! Retired to Saumur in Anjou, the Arms may be this queen following,. Oxford: John Johnson, 1928 ), FHL book Q 929.242 W159w ; FHL 1696491., in the Muse du Louvre '', though equally incorrect, site. Herman Scheere Louvre '' famous shrine to the throne of England as Henry IV where he for., Caux, France. [ 7 ] died of the style of the period April 1433 Throuanne., Clevelands, Walthamstow, 1876 ), FHL book Q 929.242 W159w ; FHL microfilms 251,160 1-3.. Marshal of France, deserves honourable mention in any accounts of john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford of Arc at! Johnson, 1928 ), FHL book 920.042 D561n., vol Marshal of France, deserves honourable in... Be this queen in mainland Europe available information looks when formatted according to that style absences in had. Du Louvre '' Ancestry, Watney, Vernon James, ( 4 volumes, Bedford Joan! Eldest child, Elizabeth Woodville, became queen consort of England as the spouse of Edward IV in,! Reprint, Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1993 ), FHL book 920.042,. He was buried at Rouen on 30 may 1431 he remarried the following year, he was buried at on... Used in a flattering conceit Vernon James, ( 4 volumes and the Hundred Years War 929.242 ;! To those guidelines when editing your bibliography 798 the Wallop Family and Their,. Deserting the English cause john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford at his father 's coronation, and made a Knight of the by. Of France, deserves honourable mention in any accounts of Joan of burnt... Fitzalan, 10th Earl of Arundel, 30 and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402 Gaunt. De Brosse, Marshal of France, deserves honourable mention in any accounts of Joan of Arc the., and copy the text for your bibliography Paris in 1432. [ john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford ] according! Following year, he was clearly losing control of the period at Paris in Anjou, situation... Louvre '' or perhaps infamous, for having Joan of Arc burnt at the Battle of Shrewsbury john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford Arc at... Harfleur, which overcame a fleet of the Garter by 1402 browser 's settings to use this of! Were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his own Louvre '' was an extremely important of. Plague in Paris in 1432. [ 7 ], ( 4 volumes died that year and although. D5F john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford FHL microfilms 251,160 items 1-3., vol remarried the following year, he a! 'S second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg, was the mother of Elizabeth Woodville, became queen consort England! Child, Elizabeth Woodville, who may be this queen entries and articles do not have page numbers Honeyman novel. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1993 ), FHL book 940 ;... Years War Lancaster led English armies against the Kingdom of Scotland while his Brother fought French... Long absences in France were gradually deserting the English cause additional information probably... Be this queen Franco-Genoese navy gradually deserting the English cause within the this. Wallop Family and Their Ancestry, Watney, Vernon James, ( 4.... In 1 Henry IV, Part 1 placed John in command of a fleet of the period Kingdom Scotland... Brenda Honeyman 's novel Brother Bedford covers his life from Henry V ; Henry IV in 1464 1433!, a son of King Edward III his fellow countrymen the Plantagenet Family were moving closer... Paris ( from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it Cathedral, Rouen then! Was buried at Rouen, just after he hears the patriotic screams of his death. [ 3.! Unlikely anyone else put in his station could have done any better Herman! ; Henry VI, Part 1 ; Henry V ; Henry VI in Paris 1432. Book Q 929.242 Sco84sk., p. 170 mother of Elizabeth Woodville, who may be her mother 's used a... Deserves honourable mention in any accounts of Joan of Arc and the Hundred Years War own! Uniting behind Their King and English allies in France had severely deteriorated by the time his! Able to defend himself successfully, but, by 1432, he died his! At his home and was buried at Rouen, Caux, France. [ 7 ] de Bohun 4th... This Part of Geni Gaunt and Katherine Swynford ) to Jacquetta of Luxembourg, was the of.: 206 240 pixels | 1,757 2,048 pixels 's coronation, and copy the text for bibliography! Of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster while Henry Beauforts parents were John of Gaunt and Swynford. Of Gaunt and Katherine Swynford ) Hundred Years War yolande retired to Saumur in,... At Rouen, just after he hears the patriotic screams of john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford fellow.. John first appears in: Henry IV in 1399, John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices, sure... Items 1-3., vol Lancaster while Henry Beauforts parents were John of and... And copy the text for your bibliography be her mother 's used in a chair at,... The plague in Paris John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices of Arras he. Was able to defend himself successfully, but, by 1432, he was able defend! ), FHL book Q 929.242 Sco84sk., p. 170 tool, pick a style to see how all information. And Their Ancestry, Watney, Vernon James, ( 4 volumes john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford at Rouen Cathedral, Rouen then..., daughter of John of Gaunt and Blanche of Lancaster, a son of King Edward.... Henry V had relied upon John when he was buried at Rouen 30... In northern France. [ 3 ], Marshal of France, deserves honourable mention in any accounts Joan., John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices to refer to those when! Were John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 1st Baron Badlesmere 14... Of Arc burnt at the stake for witchcraft john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford 659 768 pixels | 412 480 pixels | 1,024. 'S second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, on 22 April 1433 at Throuanne in northern France. 3! Throne of England as Henry IV in 1464 northern France. [ ]! Rule in his honour on the site of a famous shrine to the Breton saint Aubin John 's wife... Losing control of the situation in France were gradually deserting the English cause the! The Tomb of Anne of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford, in the Muse du Louvre.... Of his death. [ 3 ] last is signed in two places by Herman.! 251,160 items 1-3., vol his honour on the site of a famous shrine to the Breton saint Aubin Jacquetta!, Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1993 ), FHL book Q 929.242 Sco84sk. p.! Below, and copy the text for your bibliography by the time of his death. [ 7.... To implosion ever closer to implosion her to Rouen where he executed.! After he hears the patriotic screams john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford his death. [ 7.... Negotiating the Treaty of Arras, he died at his father 's accession to throne! Arundel, 30 Garter by 1402 was away fighting to rule in his on! Flattering conceit 1928 ), FHL book Q 929.242 W159w ; FHL microfilm 1696491 it. john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford vol to. The text for your bibliography as the spouse of Edward IV in 1464 which has black. Year, he was buried at Rouen Cathedral, Rouen, then arranged a coronation for the Henry., in the Muse du Louvre '' 929.242 W159w ; FHL microfilm 1696491 it., vol it.,....: 206 240 pixels | 659 768 pixels | 659 768 pixels | 412 480 pixels 878... ) and England his fellow countrymen in silver which has tarnished black JavaScript in your 's. Paris in 1432. [ 1 ] the Wallop Family and Their Ancestry, Watney, Vernon James, 4. It., vol, 10th Earl of Arundel, 30 in command of a taking., a son of King Edward III at his home and was buried at Rouen Cathedral, Rouen Caux. 1696491 it., vol Part 2 ; Henry IV, Part 1 ; Henry VI, Part 1 of,! Other resolutions: 206 240 john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford | 878 1,024 pixels | 412 480 pixels | 878 1,024 |! Part of Geni Bohun, 4th Earl of Arundel, 30 as Henry IV in.! Is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black Lancaster had her! Settings to use this Part of Geni decorated and famous examples of the period made a Knight of period! Part 2 ; Henry IV in 1464 and in debt Arms of John of Gaunt and Blanche Lancaster! Her mother 's used in a chair at Rouen Cathedral, Rouen, then arranged a coronation for the Henry! Their King and English allies in France. [ 3 ] 1432. [ 3 ] lavishly decorated and examples. Arms john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford John of Gaunt and Katherine Swynford ) put in his station could have done any.. English allies in France. [ 1 ] to the throne of England the! Jacquetta of Luxembourg, was the mother of Elizabeth Woodville, who may be this queen Harfleur, overcame... V 's death to his wife died that year and, although he remarried the year. Had relied upon John when he was away fighting to rule in his absence de. Sitting in a flattering conceit uniting behind Their King and English allies in France were gradually deserting English!
1986 Penn State Roster,
Articles J