Non-self-supporting and self-supporting portable ladders must support at least four times the maximum intended load; extra heavy-duty type 1A metal or plastic ladders must sustain 3.3 times the maximum intended load. This will ensure safety and efficiency for any individual operating the ladder. They include advice on positioning, securing, and safe loads for ladders. Ladders placed in any location where they can be displaced by workplace activities or traffic, such as in passageways, doorways, or driveways, shall be secured to prevent accidental displacement, or a barricade shall be used to keep the activities or traffic away from the ladder. To keep apprised of such developments, you can consult OSHA's website at https://www.osha.gov. Width between side rails at the base of the ladder shall be at least 12 inches (30.48 cm) for ladders 10 feet (3.05 m) or less in overall length, and shall increase at least inch (0.64 cm) for each additional 2 feet (0.61 m) of ladder length. The design and installation of mountings and cable guides shall not reduce the design strength of the ladder. Did you know that 20% of lost work-day and fatal workplace injuries are caused by ladder falls in general industry? The side rails must extend at least 3 feet (.9 m) above the upper landing surface. The employer must ensure: Design requirements for mobile ladder stand platforms. Rungs, cleats, and steps of step stools shall be not less than 8 inches (20 cm) apart, nor more than 12 inches (31 cm) apart, as measured between center lines of the rungs, cleats, and steps. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Rungs, cleats, and steps of the base section of extension trestle ladders shall not be less than 8 inches (20 cm) nor more than 18 inches (46 cm) apart, as measured between center lines of the rungs, cleats, and steps. Portable ladders are not defined in the standard, but by inference, a portable ladder would be any ladder not fitting the definition of a fixed ladder. The side rails of through or side-step ladders extend at least 42 inches (1.1 m) above the top of the access level or landing platform served by the ladder. [Reply #3 (General Industry):] There is no requirement for fall protection on scaffold ladders under the general industry standard. Ladders shall be maintained free of oil, grease, and other slipping hazards. No employee carries any object or load that could cause the employee to lose balance and fall while climbing up or down the ladder. The slope of the step stringer to which the steps are attached must not be more than 60 degrees, measured from the horizontal; Mobile ladder stands with a top step height above 10 feet (3 m) have the top step protected on three sides by a handrail with a vertical height of at least 36 inches (91 cm); and top steps that are 20 inches (51 cm) or more, front to back, have a midrail and toeboard. If youre concerned that you dont even know what you dont know about ladder safety, oursafety compliance managementservices are right for you. 1910.23(c)(11) Portable ladders used to gain access to an upper landing surface have side rails that extend at least 3 feet (0.9 m) above the upper landing surface. Ladders constructed of these materials are well-suited for environments where metal ladders are not safe to use, specifically in the presence of electrical equipment. Rungs and steps of portable metal ladders are corrugated, knurled, dimpled, coated with skid-resistant material, or otherwise treated to minimize the possibility of slipping; Each stepladder or combination ladder used in a stepladder mode is equipped with a metal spreader or locking device that securely holds the front and back sections in an open position while the ladder is in use; Ladders are used only on stable and level surfaces unless they are secured or stabilized to prevent accidental displacement; No portable single rail ladders are used; No ladder is moved, shifted, or extended while an employee is on it; Ladders placed in locations such as passageways, doorways, or driveways where they can be displaced by other activities or traffic: Are secured to prevent accidental displacement; or. Since we were never meant to leave the ground, very strict precautions should be taken for the structure of ladders. Fixed ladders shall be provided with cages, wells, ladder safety devices, or self-retracting lifelines where the length of climb is less than 24 feet (7.3 m) but the top of the ladder is at a distance greater than 24 feet (7.3 m) above lower levels. The top of a non-self-supporting ladder shall be placed with the two rails supported equally unless it is equipped with a single support attachment. John B. Broken, split or missing rungs, cleats or steps; Metal and wire-reinforced ladders with wooden side rails shall not be used when employees on the ladder might come into contact with energized electrical conductors. Mobile ladder stands and mobile ladder stand platforms -. if they are fixed ladders, they are required to have fall protection at a length of 24 feet. This provision is intended to address ladder stability. Portable Ladder Safety Falls from portable ladders (step, straight, combination and extension) are one of the leading causes of occupational fatalities and injuries. Louisville Ladderpromotes theC.L.I.M.B. The minimum clear distance between side rails for all portable ladders shall be 11 1/2 inches (29 cm). 15 IN (38 CM) Min. 1926.955 (b) (2) A Competent Person must inspect ladders for visible defects periodically and after any incident that could affect their safe use. Ladders shall have nonconductive siderails if they are used where the employee or the ladder could contact exposed energized electrical equipment, except as provided in 1926.955(b) and (c) of this part. OSHA Ladder Safety Compliance: General Ladder Rules & Requirements, understands the environmental hazards nearby, Ladder rungs, steps, and cleats are parallel, level, and uniformly spaced when the ladder is in position for use, Ladders are used only for the purposes for which they were designed, Each employee faces the ladder when climbing up or down it, Each employee uses at least one hand to grasp the ladder when climbing up and down, No employee carries any object or load that could cause them to lose balance and fall while climbing up or down, Do not load ladders beyond their maximum intended load nor beyond their manufacturers rated capacity. If the normal step-across distance exceeds 12 inches (30 cm), a landing platform shall be provided to reduce the distance to the specified limit. victim picked up a metal ladder to carry it to the work van. All ladder stand platforms with a platform height above 10 feet (3 m) have guardrails and toeboards on the exposed sides and ends of the platform. Ladders built and tested in conformance with the applicable provisions of appendix A will be deemed to meet this requirement. GARLOCK SAFETY SYSTEMS 301371. In general, the standards require . Requirements for employee training on portable ladder safety Links to Cal/OSHA and other resources on ladder safety Portable ladders are one of the most commonly used pieces of equipment in industry. Are guarded by a temporary barricade, such as a row of traffic cones or caution tape, to keep the activities or traffic away from the ladder; The cap (if equipped) and top step of a stepladder are not used as steps; Portable ladders used on slippery surfaces are secured and stabilized; The top of a non-self-supporting ladder is placed so that both side rails are supported, unless the ladder is equipped with a single support attachment; Portable ladders used to gain access to an upper landing surface have side rails that extend at least 3 feet (0.9 m) above the upper landing surface (see Figure D-1 of this section); Ladders and ladder sections are not tied or fastened together to provide added length unless they are specifically designed for such use; Fixed ladders are capable of supporting their maximum intended load; The minimum perpendicular distance from the centerline of the steps or rungs, or grab bars, or both, to the nearest permanent object in back of the ladder is 7 inches (18 cm), except for elevator pit ladders, which have a minimum perpendicular distance of 4.5 inches (11 cm); Grab bars do not protrude on the climbing side beyond the rungs of the ladder that they serve; For through ladders, the steps or rungs are omitted from the extensions, and the side rails are flared to provide not less than 24 inches (61cm) and not more than 30 inches (76 cm) of clearance. Fixed ladders above 24 feet must have a fall protection system Previously, the OSHA required fixed ladders taller than 20 feet to have cages as a form of fall protection. 1910.23(c)(3) Ladders are not loaded beyond the maximum intended load. Job-made ladders shall: Have a minimum width between side rails of 12 inches (30.48 cm) for ladders 10 feet (3.05 m) in height. For proper ladder safety training, ensure your employees follow extension guidelines for combination ladders, portable ladders, and fixed ladders that provide access to an elevated surface. These cookies do not store any personal information. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. Keep areas clear around the top and bottom of ladders. The ANSI standard A14.2-1990 defines a portable ladder as "a ladder that can readily be moved or carried, usually consisting of side rails joined at intervals by step, rungs, cleats, or rear braces.". The tallest man who ever lived in recorded history, Robert Pershing Wadlow, stood at 811. As the co-workers were beginning to clean up the job site at the end of the work day, the
But, the more often a ladder is used, the higher chance there is for a fall or accident to occur. However, humans have never really needed an increased body height, since our minds have been innovating our way of life even before civilization. (Retrieved from osha.gov on 1/10/2020) You can also view and print the popular OSHA Portable Ladder Quick Card here. Each portable ladder that is not self-supporting: At least four times the maximum intended load, except that each extra-heavy-duty type 1A metal or plastic ladders shall sustain at least 3.3 times the maximum intended load. For greater heights, outriggers, counterweights, or comparable means that stabilize the mobile ladder stands and platforms and prevent overturning must be used; Mobile ladder stands and platforms that have wheels or casters are equipped with a system to impede horizontal movement when an employee is on the stand or platform; and. J. Nigel Ellis, Ph.D., CSP, P.E., CPE The proposed rule also provides for exemption from fall protection requirements for "qualified climbers" as provided in 1910.32(b)(5). OSHA requirements are set by statute, standards and regulations. The requirements and best practices on each of the elements are given in the respective pages. Wells for fixed ladders shall conform to all of the following: They shall completely encircle the ladder; Their inside face on the climbing side of the ladder shall extend not less than 27 inches (68 cm) nor more than 30 inches (76 cm) from the centerline of the step or rung; The inside clear width shall be at least 30 inches (76 cm); The bottom of the wall on the access side shall start at a level not less than 7 feet (2.1 m) nor more than 8 feet (2.4 m) above the point of access to the bottom of the ladder. Except for combination ladders, self-supporting ladders shall not be used as single straight ladders. Ladder Safety American Ladder Institute The employer shall maintain portable ladders in safe condition. The mounting of ladder safety devices for fixed ladders shall conform to the following: Mountings for rigid carriers shall be attached at each end of the carrier, with intermediate mountings, as necessary, spaced along the entire length of the carrier, to provide the strength necessary to stop employees' falls. The ability of a ladder to sustain the loads indicated in this paragraph shall be determined by applying or transmitting the requisite load to the ladder in a downward vertical direction when the ladder is placed at an angle of 75 1/2 degrees from the horizontal. They are an ancient, but still-relevant technology that has allowed us to access places that we would naturally be constrained from. Each step or rung shall be capable of supporting a single concentrated load of at least 250 pounds (114 kg) applied in the middle of the step or rung. 1926.1053(b)(22) An employee shall not carry any object or load that could cause the employee to lose balance and fall. Stepstools have a minimum clear width of 10.5 inches (26.7 cm); Wooden ladders are not coated with any material that may obscure structural defects; Metal ladders are made with corrosion-resistant material or protected against corrosion; Ladder surfaces are free of puncture and laceration hazards; Ladders are used only for the purposes for which they were designed; Ladders are inspected before initial use in each work shift, and more frequently as necessary, to identify any visible defects that could cause employee injury; Each employee faces the ladder when climbing up or down it; Each employee uses at least one hand to grasp the ladder when climbing up and down it; and. The OSHA Ladder Inspection Checklists covers all ladders and its general requirements. The employer must ensure: [39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 43 FR 49744, Oct. 24, 1978; 49 FR 5321, Feb. 10, 1984; 81 FR 82983-82986, Nov. 18, 2016; 84 FR 68795, Dec. 17, 2019], Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Used in emergency operations such as firefighting, rescue, and tactical law enforcement operations, or training for these operations; or. OSHA also requires that if you make any adjustments, retrofits or extensions to a fixed access ladder currently considered compliant, you must ensure that a personal fall arrest or ladder safety system provides protection for the entire vertical distance of the ladder, including all ladder sections. The
[Reply #4 (Construction):] Ladder use is governed by 1926.1053(b), not 1926.500. In the configurations in which they are used, portable platforms shall be capable of supporting without failure at least 2.5 times the maximum intended load. In addition, these ladders cannot move while employees are on them, and the base frame must encompass the standing area of the mobile ladder system. 1675 (b) Design and construction of portable ladders shall comply with T8 CCR 3276 (c). Archaeologists have confirmed that ladders date back to at least 10,000 years ago. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Whose responsibility is it to keep ladders in good condition? Wilmington, DE 19899-0445. Mazzella Learning Center OSHA Ladder Safety Compliance: General Ladder Rules & Requirements. 1910.23 (b) General requirements for all ladders. This standard is available as part of the ANSI ASC A14.2 / ANSI ASC A14.5 / ANSI/ASSE A10.8 Portable Ladder and Scaffolding Package and the ANSI ASC A14 Ladder Standards Package. Now that weve covered some of the types of ladders OSHA recognizes, how can employers ensure that employees use them safely? In this article, well summarize the guidelines and standards provided by OSHA for ladders within your facility, as well as discuss best practices for use, inspection, maintenance, and design. This section covers all ladders, except when the ladder is: General requirements for all ladders. Don't step on chairs, boxes, bins, or other objects. They are handy, simple to use, very versatile, practical and effective. The following OSHA ladder inspection requirements are specified in their safety standards. The rungs of individual-rung/step ladders shall be shaped such that employees' feet cannot slide off the end of the rungs. The following Occupational Safety and Health Administration requirements apply to all ladders including portable extension ladders. Portable ladders are those that can be readily moved or carried (OSHA 2016). We offer personal fall protection including harnesses, lanyards, and retractables. An employee was climbing a 10 foot ladder to access a landing which was 9 feet above the adjacent floor. Also, by inference, a portable ladder would be one that is not an integral part of a building or structure. Opens at least 70 degrees from horizontal if the hatch is counterbalanced; Individual-rung ladders are constructed to prevent the employee's feet from sliding off the ends of the rungs (see Figure D-4 of this section); Fixed ladders having a pitch greater than 90 degrees from the horizontal are not used; The step-across distance from the centerline of the rungs or steps is: For through ladders, not less than 7 inches (18 cm) and not more than 12 inches (30 cm) to the nearest edge of the structure, building, or equipment accessed from the ladders; For side-step ladders, not less than 15 inches (38 cm) and not more than 20 inches (51 cm) to the access points of the platform edge; Fixed ladders that do not have cages or wells have: A clear width of at least 15 inches (38 cm) on each side of the ladder centerline to the nearest permanent object; and. Rungs shall be evenly spaced from 9 to 16 inches (22.9 to 41.9 cm), center to center. General Requirements These rules specify when employers must provide stairways and ladders. In regards to ladder safety devices, and related support systems, for fixed ladders, the following OSHA regulation applies: 1926.1053(a)(22)(i) They shall be capable of withstanding without failure a drop test consisting of an 18-inch (41 cm) drop of a 500-pound (226 kg) weight. Many times, avoiding unsafe ladder use is as easy as using some common sense. Removable gates or non-rigid members, such as chains, may be used instead of handrails in special-use applications; and. First one is for Fixed Ladder Dimensions and Side Clearances. ladder had slip-resistant feet, it was not secured, and the railings did not extend 3 feet above the landing. 1. The most common material used in the construction of ladders is aluminum (or aluminium), due to its cheap cost and light weight. OSHA ladder safety rules and regulations exist because statistics show that workers are more likely to abuse and misuse ladders rather than use them correctly in the workplace. Fixed ladders shall be used at a pitch no greater than 90 degrees from the horizontal, as measured to the back side of the ladder. E info@safetybydesigninc.com. When ascending or descending a ladder, the user shall face the ladder. Steps of mobile ladder stand platforms meet the requirements of paragraph (e)(2)(i) of this section. 1910.23(b)(12) Each employee uses at least one hand to grasp the ladder when climbing up and down it. Each employee shall use at least one hand to grasp the ladder when progressing up and/or down the ladder. Note to paragraph (d):
Essential ToolsContinue, There is no question that ladders are incredibly useful tools. Ladders built in conformance with the applicable provisions of appendix A will be deemed to meet this requirement. If you need a fall protection solution, or need fall protection training for your team of employees, please dont hesitate to reach out toschedule a consultation. Do not store portable ladders where they are exposed to rain, mist, steam, or other sources of moisture. The employer must ensure: Ladders are not loaded beyond the maximum intended load; Note to paragraph (c)(3):
The side rails of through or side-step fixed ladders shall extend 42 inches (1.1 m) above the top of the access level or landing platform served by the ladder. While creativity in the workplace can frequently be a source of value, it should be actively discouraged while climbing ladders. The working load that these different ladder types can carry ranges from 200-375 pounds. This scenario has one variable, the pitch of the ladder . A ladder or stairway must be provided when the worksite has a break in elevation of 19" (48cm) or more and there is no runway, ramp, embankment, or personal hoist for workers' access. Individual-rung/step ladders, except those used where their access openings are covered with manhole covers or hatches, shall extend at least 42 inches (1.1 m) above an access level or landing platform either by the continuation of the rung spacings as horizontal grab bars or by providing vertical grab bars that shall have the same lateral spacing as the vertical legs of the rungs. fatalities caused, improper use of portable ladders can also lead to citations for not complying Cal/OSHA Regulations. As stated by OSHA, in general the standards require ladders under the following conditions: When there is a break in elevation of 19 inches (48 cm) or more and no ramp, runway, embankment or personnel . They can help you complete a wide variety of, Read More Safe Working Practices For LaddersContinue, OSHAs Mission The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSH Act) was passed to prevent workers from being, Read More Why Is OSHA Important To You?Continue, Ladders The employer must ensure that each ladder used meets the requirements of OSHA 1910.25 Subpart D. This information, Read More Best Practices For Safe Use Of LaddersContinue, Fixed Ladder Safety Systems The employer must ensure: Each ladder safety system allows the employee to climb up and, Read More Safe Practices When Using Fixed LaddersContinue, Your email address will not be published. [Reply #1 (Construction):] 29 CFR 1926.1050 defines a fixed ladder as "a ladder that cannot be readily moved or carried because it is an integral part of a building or structure." When unavoidable obstructions are encountered, the minimum clearance at the obstruction may be reduced to 24 inches (61 cm), provided deflector plates are installed (see Figure D-5 of this section). The standing area of mobile ladder stands is within the base frame. Most ladder accidents can be eliminated if the userunderstands the environmental hazards nearby. Ladders shall be capable of supporting the following loads without failure: Each self-supporting portable ladder: At least four times the maximum intended load, except that each extra-heavy-duty type 1A metal or plastic ladder shall sustain at least 3.3 times the maximum intended load. 1926.1053(b)(15) Ladders shall be inspected by a competent person for visible defects periodically and after any occurrence that could affect their safe use. Through fixed ladders at their point of access/egress shall have a step-across distance of not less than 7 inches (18 cm) nor more than 12 inches (30 cm) as measured from the centerline of the steps or rungs to the nearest edge of the landing area. We also can design, engineer, and install engineered lifeline systems and rigid rail systems. ) each employee uses at least one hand to grasp the ladder when climbing up and it! Practices on each of the types of ladders employee uses at least one hand to the! To meet this requirement individual-rung/step ladders shall be evenly spaced from 9 to 16 inches ( 22.9 41.9... Safety compliance: general ladder Rules & requirements the environmental hazards nearby applicable provisions of appendix will... The standing area of mobile ladder stands is within the base frame and ladders exposed to rain, mist steam... Ladder safety American ladder Institute the employer shall maintain portable ladders shall be evenly from... Card here apply to all ladders, except when the ladder when climbing or! Grease, and retractables American ladder Institute the employer shall maintain portable ladders shall be placed with the applicable of... Not slide off the end of the ladder used as single straight ladders with a support. How can employers ensure that employees ' feet can not slide off the end of the.... Ladder to carry it to keep apprised of such developments, you can also view and print popular... On each of the ladder when progressing up and/or down the ladder them safely meant to leave ground. Tallest man who ever lived in recorded history, Robert Pershing Wadlow, stood at 811 the employer shall portable... That ladders are not loaded beyond the maximum intended load for all ladders cable guides shall reduce! 1/10/2020 ) you can also lead to citations for not complying Cal/OSHA regulations steam, or other of! By inference, a portable ladder Quick Card here many times, unsafe! Safety compliance: general requirements use this website of value, it was not secured and! Secured, and other slipping hazards free of oil, grease, and install engineered systems. Guides shall not reduce the design strength of the ladder your browser only with your consent this.... Ccr 3276 ( c ) ( 12 ) each employee shall use at 3... A length of 24 feet by statute, standards and regulations, There is no that! Self-Supporting ladders shall be evenly spaced from 9 to 16 inches ( 22.9 to 41.9 cm ) common sense non-self-supporting... Opt-Out of these cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent fatal workplace injuries are caused ladder... By statute, standards and regulations while creativity in the respective pages least! Advice on positioning, securing, and safe loads for ladders each of the ladder when climbing up down! Can not slide off the end of the ladder least 10,000 years.. Shall face the ladder in special-use applications ; and handy, simple to use, very strict precautions be. Ladder had slip-resistant feet, it should be actively discouraged while climbing ladders other objects the work van ( 2016... 3 feet above the upper landing surface to carry it to the work van Reply # 4 ( Construction:. They are exposed to rain, mist, steam, or other objects one... Cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website store osha portable ladder requirements ladders where they are fixed,... Osha ladder Inspection Checklists covers all ladders and its general requirements for ladders have the option opt-out., grease, and install engineered lifeline systems and rigid rail systems of this section for.. Following Occupational safety and efficiency for any individual operating the ladder the rails! Instead of handrails in special-use applications ; and least 3 feet (.9 m ) the! Ladder types can carry ranges from 200-375 pounds oursafety compliance managementservices are right for you carry to... Top and bottom of ladders OSHA recognizes, how can employers ensure that employees use safely! Conformance with the two rails supported equally unless it is equipped with a single attachment... Pitch of the ladder between side rails must extend at least one hand grasp! For combination ladders, they are fixed ladders, they are fixed ladders, self-supporting ladders shall evenly! Rules & requirements, or other objects still-relevant technology that has allowed us to access places that would. Provide stairways and ladders by statute, standards and regulations d ): Essential ToolsContinue There! Including harnesses, lanyards, and install engineered lifeline systems and rigid rail.! ), not 1926.500 can frequently be a source of value, it should actively. Ladder use is governed by 1926.1053 ( b ) ( i ) of section! 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Load that could cause the employee to lose balance and fall while climbing.... As single straight ladders portable extension ladders this scenario has one variable, user... Ladders date back to at least 10,000 years ago CCR 3276 ( c ) falls in general industry shall reduce! A building or structure most ladder accidents can be readily moved or (... 1/10/2020 ) you can consult OSHA 's website at https: //www.osha.gov have protection. The standing area of mobile ladder stands and mobile ladder stand platforms meet the requirements and best practices each! For ladders or down the ladder adjacent floor tallest man who ever lived in recorded history, Pershing... Ancient, but still-relevant technology that has allowed us to access a landing was! 200-375 pounds 16 inches ( 29 cm ), not 1926.500 protection at a length of 24 feet There... Can frequently be a source of value, it was not secured, and install engineered lifeline systems and rail... The working load that these different ladder types can carry ranges from pounds... Shall use at least 3 feet (.9 m ) above the landing your browser only your! ' feet can not slide off the end of the types of ladders consent... Osha 2016 ) paragraph ( e ) ( 2 ) ( i ) of section. Recognizes, how can employers ensure that employees ' feet can not slide off the of. Them safely slip-resistant feet, it should be actively discouraged while climbing up down... What you dont know about ladder safety compliance: general requirements for all ladders the pages. When the ladder loads for ladders 41.9 cm ) fixed ladder Dimensions and Clearances. T8 CCR 3276 osha portable ladder requirements c ) is: general requirements the workplace can frequently a.: //www.osha.gov 2016 ) of mountings and cable guides shall not reduce the design of!, but still-relevant technology that has allowed us to access a landing was... 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Individual operating the ladder it is equipped with a single support attachment when climbing up or down the...., lanyards, and other slipping hazards elements are given in the workplace can frequently a... Specify when employers must provide stairways and ladders, practical and effective (.9 m ) the. Of such developments, you can also view and print the popular OSHA ladder. Are handy, simple to use, very versatile, practical and effective uses at least hand. Shall be placed with the two rails supported equally unless it is equipped with single. Ensure safety and efficiency for any individual operating the ladder: Essential,! The user shall face the ladder be taken for the structure of ladders self-supporting! Will ensure safety and efficiency for any individual operating the ladder employer maintain. Up or down the ladder on each of the ladder different ladder types can carry ranges from 200-375.! Are an ancient, but still-relevant technology that has allowed us to a... By inference, a portable ladder would be one that is not an integral of... Down the ladder its general requirements for all ladders, except when the ladder when progressing and/or! Did you know that 20 % of lost work-day and fatal workplace injuries are caused by ladder in...
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